Address: 3435 S. Indiana Ave. Year Built: 1899 Architect: Henry Newhouse Date Designated a Chicago Landmark: September 9, 1998

This former Jewish synagogue was home to the Chicago Defender from 1920 until 1960. Founded by Robert S. Abbott in 1905, the newspaper became nationally known for its outspoken editorial policies on behalf of civil rights issues. The "Great Migration" of the early-20th century was largely initiated by Defender editorials urging African-Americans to leave the poverty of the South for new opportunities in the North. It is one of nine structures in the Black Metropolis-Bronzeville Historic District.

African-American History
1.	Exterior View, 1985
2.	The building as it appeared in 1899
3.	Robert S. Abbott
4.	Flora Sengstack, mother of Robert Abbott, with one of the first papers to come off its press in 1921